Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) combines FDA-approved medications with counseling and behavioral therapies to treat opioid use disorder (OUD) and other substance use disorders. This whole-patient approach addresses addiction by helping normalize brain function, reduce withdrawal symptoms, and block the euphoric effects of opioids, all without producing a “high.” With this balanced, holistic approach, MAT provides many individuals with a more sustainable path to recovery.
The Core of Medication-Assisted Treatment
What Is Medication-Assisted Treatment?
Medication-assisted treatment is a research-backed treatment for addiction that combines medication with behavioral therapies—medications used in MAT support recovery by relieving withdrawal symptoms, blocking cravings, and stabilizing brain chemistry. However, MAT is not a standalone solution. It integrates medical assistance with various counseling services, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and peer support, to provide comprehensive support for lasting recovery.
How Does Medication-assisted Treatment Work?
MAT focuses on treating the “whole patient” by integrating medication, counseling, and psychosocial support. In the case of opioid use disorder, MAT addresses the physical and psychological effects of withdrawal and addiction. By normalizing brain function and blocking the euphoric effects of opioids, MAT provides individuals with the support needed to stay engaged in their recovery journey.
Medications Used in MAT for Opioid Use Disorder
There are three primary FDA-approved medications for MAT: methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. Each serves a unique function in treating opioid addiction, targeting the brain’s receptors to relieve withdrawal symptoms, reduce cravings, or block opioid effects.
Methadone
Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist that relieves cravings and withdrawal symptoms while blocking the euphoric effects of other opioids. As a controlled medication, methadone requires administration in specialized clinics, helping to stabilize individuals and prevent relapse.
Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine, a partial opioid agonist, provides relief from withdrawal symptoms without causing a high. Often available in combination with naloxone (as Suboxone), it’s commonly prescribed for opioid addiction in outpatient settings. By reducing cravings and minimizing the risk of misuse, buprenorphine offers a safe option for individuals who need structured support in recovery.
Naltrexone
Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that blocks opioids from binding to receptors, eliminating the euphoric effects of these substances. This treatment option is often suitable for individuals who have completed detox and no longer need to manage active withdrawal symptoms. Available as a monthly injection or daily tablet, naltrexone prevents relapse while allowing individuals to stay opioid-free.
The Importance of Behavioral Health Services in MAT
Medication alone is not enough for long-term recovery. MAT relies heavily on counseling and behavioral therapies, which help address the emotional, mental, and social factors contributing to addiction. Common approaches include:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps individuals recognize and alter harmful thought patterns and behaviors.
- Motivational Interviewing: Strengthens motivation to engage in recovery.
- Peer and Recovery Support Services: Provide a sense of community, accountability, and support.
Benefits of Medication-Assisted Treatment
- Reduces Overdose Risk: MAT significantly decreases the risk of overdose by stabilizing brain function and preventing relapse.
- Supports Long-Term Recovery: Studies show that MAT is more effective than medication or counseling alone, making it a sustainable path to recovery.
- Improves Social Functioning: Individuals in MAT programs often experience better relationships and higher social and occupational functioning.
- Decreases Criminal Activity: MAT has been shown to reduce illegal drug use and related criminal activities, fostering safer communities.
- Promotes Public Health: Reduces the risk of HIV and Hepatitis C transmission by helping individuals avoid intravenous drug use.
- Supports Pregnant Women: MAT improves maternal and fetal outcomes, making it safe for women needing treatment during pregnancy.
Addressing Common Misconceptions About MAT
Does MAT Substitute One Addiction for Another?
MAT does not replace one addiction with another. Unlike addictive opioids, medications used in MAT are administered in controlled doses that do not produce a euphoric effect. They provide stability for brain function, much like medications for diabetes or hypertension manage those conditions, allowing individuals to focus on their recovery.
Why Isn’t MAT More Widely Available?
Despite decades of research supporting medication-assisted treatment, it’s still underutilized. Less than half of U.S. treatment centers offer MAT, and only one-third of those in need actually receive it. Stigma and misconceptions continue to limit access, as some policymakers and communities resist supporting MAT for fear of dependency.
Overcoming Barriers to MAT Access
Efforts to increase MAT access are crucial in combating the opioid crisis. As evidence shows, MAT reduces mortality rates, decreases illicit drug use, and improves quality of life. Advocacy for increased availability in treatment centers, particularly in areas hit hardest by opioid addiction, is essential for providing individuals with the tools they need to choose their recovery path.
Taking the Next Step Toward Recovery
If you or someone you know is struggling with opioid addiction, medication-assisted treatment can offer a path to recovery. At Emmaus Medical and Recovery, we believe in the power of personalized, evidence-based care to help individuals achieve long-term sobriety. Our experienced team combines FDA-approved medications with holistic counseling and therapy services to create a supportive, comprehensive recovery experience.
Recovery is a journey, and MAT can be a vital part of that journey. Embrace the opportunity to start fresh with a treatment approach that respects the unique challenges of addiction and the resilience of recovery. Reach out to Emmaus Medical and Recovery today to learn more about how medication-assisted treatment can help you take the first steps toward a healthier, fulfilling life free from addiction.